The Nature of Goodness: Why and How We Should Cultivate Virtue

Throughout time, the question of why we should strive to be good rather than simply allowing our habits and circumstances to determine our actions has been a subject of intense inquiry. While some believe that goodness is a reliable foundation for a fulfilling life, others argue that our true nature is more fluid and can be swayed by circumstances.

Goodness and Survival

It is commonly believed that our survival is heavily dependent on our moral standing. When we act with benevolence and kindness, the universe often seems to conspire to make our lives easier. Conversely, those who are unkind or selfish may find themselves in situations where their happiness is fleeting, regardless of their material possessions. This idea is illustrated by the concept that it ‘always pays to be good,’ even if others do not acknowledge or appreciate our actions.

The notion of goodness is also closely linked to the divine or spiritual. Many believe that God or a higher power appreciates our good deeds and rewards us accordingly. This belief can provide motivation for individuals to continue performing acts of kindness and morality.

The Nature of Goodness in Humans

There is no inherent nature that is universally classified as either ‘good’ or ‘bad.’ Instead, our behavior and actions are influenced by a complex interplay of our habits, experiences, and conditioned responses. While some characterize the human nature as inherently good or bad, in truth, this is a dynamic state that can change over time.

The innermost core of a person remains largely the same, but the outward expression can be significantly altered by these conditioning factors. Each individual experiences a wide range of emotional and psychological states, which in turn shape their behavior and can lead to different perceptions of ‘goodness’ or ‘badness’ in others. For example, having close interactions with parents, siblings, or relatives can profoundly influence a person's emotional disposition and response to certain situations.

The presence of the ego is a constant in all human beings, though it varies in strength and dominance. Ego plays a significant role in fulfilling societal duties and is essential for differentiating living beings. However, an overbearing ego can lead to negative actions and behaviors, such as exploiting others or being manipulated by them. This duality can be seen as the two extremes of good and bad behavior, which manifest in various ways within human society.

The Interplay of Emotions and Actions

Our emotional states and experiences can deeply influence our actions and reactions to the world around us. Positive or negative experiences, such as joy, sadness, or conflict, can shape our internal state and subsequently affect our behavior. For instance, traumas or happy moments from early life can strongly influence our reactions later in life. This emotional conditioning can be seen as the root of our perceived ‘good’ or ‘bad’ behavior.

Moreover, the ego is a driving force behind actions that are motivated by desires and emotions. When our minds are not fully developed or open to new learning, we may engage in behaviors that manipulate others emotionally or win debates by leveraging logic. These actions, driven by a stagnant or unevolving mind, can create a toxic internal environment that influences our interactions with others. However, the mind is not stagnant; it can change and grow in both positive and negative directions.

A ‘spark of light’ can occur at moments when we experience a change in perspective or awareness. This can lead to a new understanding of our thoughts and actions, allowing us to approach life and interactions with a neutral state of mind. While this neutral state is difficult to maintain in the complex world, striving for balance and awareness can lead to a more fulfilling and harmonious existence.

Conclusion

In conclusion, while we do not have to be inherently ‘good’ or ‘bad,’ we can strive to understand and cultivate a neutral state of mind that is free from the constraints of materialism and societal expectations. This journey of moral development is a complex one that involves self-awareness, emotional regulation, and the ability to question and reevaluate our actions and motivations. As a society, we can support this evolution by promoting values and practices that foster growth and understanding.